Projectile.



` No. '733,920. PATENTED JULY 14 1903.

R. W. SCOTT. PROJBCTILE.

APPLIOATION TILED JULY 25. 1902.

NO MODEL.

UNITED STATns Patented July 14: 1903.

ATaNT trion@ HALF TO LOUS N. D. WIE

LIAMS, OF ASHBOURNE, PENNSYLVANIA.

PROJECTLEu SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 733,920, dated July 14, 1903.

Application filed July 25, 1902.

To all whom, it may concrn: e

Be it known that I, ROBERT W. SCOTT, a citizen of the United States, residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Projectiles, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates mainly to that class of projectiles in which a mantle of relatively hard -metal envelops a dense and heavy core xo of softer metal, the object of the invention being to so construct such a projectile as to retain all of the advantages due to the use of the hard-metal envelop, while at the same time taking advantage of greater ductility of the core in causing it to form a gas-check.

Certain features of the invention are also applicable to unjacketed projectiles, such as those used in field-guns or heavy ordnance.

- In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is an enlarged sectional View of a projectile constrncted in accordance with my invention.

I Fig. 2 is a similar View illustrating the hardmetal envelop locked to the soft core, Fig. 3 is a sectional View iliustrating the application of my present invention to a projectile of the character set forth in my Letters Patent No..

` [394,575, dated March 4, 1902; and Figs. 4, 5, and 6 are other embodiments of my invention in conjunction with a projectile of this character.` i i In modern small-caliber rifles which impart extremely high velooities to the projectiles it has been found-necessary to provide the lead or other soft-metal core 1 with a mantle 2,

- composed of a mixture of oopper and nickel or some other relatively hard'metai or alloy, because, owing to the high velocity ingarted to the projectile and the high rate ot' rctation necessitated by the small caliber, a softenetal 4'0 projectile would not be rotated by the sitting, but would jump the lands. It has been found, however, that while the hard-metal envelop serves well its desired purpose of inparting rotating movement to the projectileit also lessens the Capacity of said projectile to expand under the pressure of the gases of r combustion, so that these modern projectiles usually have a greater diameter in excess of calibea than the old soft-metalprojectiles;

Serial No. 116.976. (No model.)

but even when the diameter of the'projectile equals the caliber plus the depth of two of the grooves a serious escape of gas oocurs before the inertia of the projectile is overcome.

In carrying out my present inventi'on I do not ext-end the mantle of the projectiie to the reaend of the same, but discontinue it sone distance in advance of said rear end, soras to provide in the rear of the mantle a portion of soft metal, which can be readily expanded by the pressure of the gases of combustion, so as to serve as a gas-check without in any way affecting the function of the hard-metal envelop as a means of imparting rapid rotation to the projectile.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings this soft-metal rearportion of the projectile is represented at 3, the same being of the full diameter of the projectile and having, if desired, a lubricatiug cannelure 4: and being also by preference recessed at the rear, as shown at 5, so as to facilitate its expansion by the action ot gases of explosion upon it.

i t portion of the projectile between the lines a, ;and y is practically parallel and of the proper diameter to accurately engage with 7 5 the lands and grooves of the rifling. Consequently when a projectile of this character is fired from the gun such engagement of the hard-metal envelop with the rifling causes rotation of the projectile in the same manner as in a projeetile in which the envelop completely incases the soft-metal core. Hence by the time the portion 3 of the projectile reaohes the rifling said projectile has a'cquired its rotating movement, and 'the soft metal rear portion 3 of the projectile is simply oaused to follow the ritling, the latter exerting no sidewise strain upon said soft metal, and hence having no tendency to shear the same or interfere in any way with the performance of its proper function as a gas-check.

In order to insure the retention of the softmetal core within the tnantle. during the fiight of the projectile, a cannelure may be provided in the core, into which the rear edge 95 of the tnantle may be turned, as shown at G in Fig. 2, this Construction being resorted to as a safeguard only, however, as itis considered impossihle for the two parte of the projectile to separate so long as the entrance of gas between the core and the mantle is prevented, and such entrance will be closed b the shoulder 7. v

In Flg. 3. have illnstrated ny invention as applied 0 a projectile of the character set forth in my PatentNo. 694.675--hat is to say, one in which the projectile has a fiange 8 over- Iapping the forward end or mouth of the cartridge-casing 9. The flange 8 is formed by a projecting portion of the soft-metal core 1, and the forward end of the cartridge-casing is crimped into a cannelure 10, formed in said core; but such crimping of the forward end of the casing into the cannelure can be dis-' pensed with if the said forward end of the casing is reduced in diameter to receive the fiange 8, as shown in Fig. 4:.

In the Construction shown in Fig. 5 the mantle 2 h as a bell shape or lare 11 at its 'ear end, so as to overlap the fiange 8 of the core, instead of meeting the same with an abrupt shoulder, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, said fiaring portion of the mantle in this case constitnting the gas-check, and the fiange 8 of the core preventing any access of gas to the space between the mantle and core.

In the Construction shown in Fig. 6 the core is in the first instance formed With a straight flange-,and the forward end of the cartridgecasing hasa'heveled edge, so that when the projectile is seated in the Cartridge-case by 'the loading-machine this beveled edge Will cnt'into the soft-metal fiange 12, and thus *cause the latl'er to overlap the forward edge Having thus described my invention, I

claim and des-ir? to seen re by Letters Pate nt- 1. A projccti e havi nga seit-metal core provided'with a mantle of hard'er metal discoutinued in advance of the 'ear end of the projectile so as to provide a band of soft metal in the rear of themantle to form a gas-check, the nantle having a portion for engaging the rifling and imparting rotative movement to the projectile, snbstantially as specified.

2. A projectile consisting of a soft-metal core, and a mantle of harder metal discontinued in advance of the rear end of the projectile, said soft-metal core having, in the rear of the mantle a flange for overlapping the mou th of the cartridge-casing, substantially as specified.

3. A gun-cartridge consisting of a projectile having a soft-metal core and a mantle of harder metal discontinued in advance of the rear of the projectile, a fiange projecting from said soft-metal core in the rear of the mantle,

and a casing the mouth of which is' overlapped o by said flange, substantially as specified.

4. A projectile consisting of a ,soft-metal core, and a mantle of harder metal discontinued in advanee of the rear end of the projectile, said soft-metal core having a flangefor overlapping the mouth of the artridgecasing, and the mantle having a fi'aring rear portion overlapping said flange, substantially as specified.

5. A gun-cartrdge consisting of a project? ile having a soft-metal core, and a mantle of harder metal discontinned in advance of the rear end of the projectile, the core'havinga projecting tlange in'combination with a casing havinga month portion reduced in diameter and overlapped by said flange, substan tially as specified. 6. A gun-Cartridge having a projectile with soft-metal core, a mantle of harder metal discontinued in advance of the near end of the projectile,said core having a projecting flange, and the inantle having a fiaring portion over- 'lapping said flange, in combination with a casing having a month portion overlapped by the fiange of the core, substantially as speoified. a v

'7. A gun-Cartridge consisting of a projectile' having a soft-metal core, and a mantle of harder metal discontinued in advance of the rear end of the projectile, said core having a projecting fiange, and .the martle havinga flaring rea 'end overlapping said flange, in combination with the cartridge-casing having a mouth portion reduced in diameter and overlapped by the flange of the core, subs'tautially as specified.

In ttestimony whereot' I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ROBERT W. SCOTT.

Wit esses:

' l E. BEoHToLo,

Jos. II.,KLEIN. 

